In the name of Allah Most Gracious, Most Merciful
‘Abdullah was the son of the famous companion and the second khalifa of Islam, ‘Umar ibn al-Khattâb. He became Muslim with his father while still a child in Makkah and migrated with him to Madina. He was one of the most knowledgeable scholars from among the Companions and was renowned for his asceticism and worship. The Companions used to go to him for legal rulings especially in questions of the rites of pilgrimage. He performed sixty pilgrimages (hajj) and one thousand minor pilgrimages (‘umra).
‘Abdullah ibn ‘Umar was extremely charitable. He was once given twenty four dinar of gold and distributed the whole amount in charity before departing from the gathering. Despite his charitable nature, he remained modest and fearful of Allah. On one occasion, a beggar came to him and ‘Abdullah told his son to give the beggar a gold dinar. When the beggar left, his son, ‘Abdul Rahmân, said to his father, ‘may Allah accept it from you, O beloved father.’ He said to him, ‘if I knew that Allah had accepted one prostration or charity of a single dirham, death would be more beloved to me than any thing, but do you know from whom He accepts? He only accepts from the righteous ones.’
Like his father, he was brave and courageous. While on a journey, he saw a group of people gathered by the roadside. He approached them and asked why they had gathered. They explained that they were afraid to go any further as there was a lion ahead on the path. ‘Abdullah went ahead and approached the lion. He took it by its ear, spoke to it and walked it away from the path. When asked about such an act of bravery, he explained that one thing that he had learned from the Messenger, upon him be peace, was that if you fear no one and nothing but Allah, Allah will always protect you.
He tried to avoid political controversy but would speak out against injustice and religious malpractice. The ruler, Hajjaj, delivered an extremely long Friday sermon. As a result, he delayed the prayer. As the time for prayer was passing away, ‘Abdullah stood and rebuked him saying ‘surely the sun will not wait for you!’ An argument ensued and the ruler felt both embarrassed and insulted. The incensed Hajjaj then instructed one of his henchmen to stab him with a poisoned spear. ‘Abdullah was murdered during the circumambulation of the Sacred House, dying as a result of having the poisoned spear poked into his foot.
He related 1630 hadith. He died aged 83 years old and is buried on the outskirts of Makkah.
(Taken from al-Jawâhir al-lu’luwiyya by Muhammad al-Jardâni al-Dimyâti)
http://www.kitaba.org/articles/abdullah-ibn-umar/
http://www.esinislam.com/Muslim_Biography/As-Sahabah_The_Companions/As-Sahabah_The_Companions_9.htm
http://www.islamicweb.com/history/sahaba/bio.ABDULLAH_IBN_UMAR.htm
https://ummibraheem.wordpress.com/2010/07/01/abdullah-ibn-umar-ibn-al-khattaab/
The Last Sermon (Khutbah) of Prophet Muhammad (Farewell Sermon)
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Prophet Muhammad (SAWS) delivered his last sermon (Khutbah) on the ninth of Dhul Hijjah (12th and last month of the Islamic year), 10 years after Hijrah (migration from Makkah to Madinah) in the Uranah Valley of mount Arafat. His words were quite clear and concise and were directed to the entire humanity.
After praising, and thanking Allah he said:
“O People, lend me an attentive ear, for I know not whether after this year, I shall ever be amongst you again. Therefore listen to what I am saying to you very carefully and TAKE THESE WORDS TO THOSE WHO COULD NOT BE PRESENT HERE TODAY.
O People, just as you regard this month, this day, this city as Sacred, so regard the life and property of every Muslim as a sacred trust. Return the goods entrusted to you to their rightful owners. Hurt no one so that no one may hurt you. Remember that you will indeed meet your LORD, and that HE will indeed reckon your deeds. ALLAH has forbidden you to take usury (interest), therefore all interest obligation shall henceforth be waived. Your capital, however, is yours to keep. You will neither inflict nor suffer any inequity. Allah has Judged that there shall be no interest and that all the interest due to Abbas ibn ‘Abd’al Muttalib (Prophet’s uncle) shall henceforth be waived…
Beware of Satan, for the safety of your religion. He has lost all hope that he will ever be able to lead you astray in big things, so beware of following him in small things.
O People, it is true that you have certain rights with regard to your women, but they also have rights over you. Remember that you have taken them as your wives only under Allah’s trust and with His permission. If they abide by your right then to them belongs the right to be fed and clothed in kindness. Do treat your women well and be kind to them for they are your partners and committed helpers. And it is your right that they do not make friends with any one of whom you do not approve, as well as never to be unchaste.
O People, listen to me in earnest, worship ALLAH, say your five daily prayers (Salah), fast during the month of Ramadan, and give your wealth in Zakat. Perform Hajj if you can afford to.
All mankind is from Adam and Eve, an Arab has no superiority over a non-Arab nor a non-Arab has any superiority over an Arab; also a white has no superiority over black nor a black has any superiority over white except by piety (taqwa) and good action. Learn that every Muslim is a brother to every Muslim and that the Muslims constitute one brotherhood. Nothing shall be legitimate to a Muslim which belongs to a fellow Muslim unless it was given freely and willingly. Do not, therefore, do injustice to yourselves.
Remember, one day you will appear before ALLAH and answer your deeds. So beware, do not stray from the path of righteousness after I am gone.
O People, NO PROPHET OR APOSTLE WILL COME AFTER ME AND NO NEW FAITH WILL BE BORN. Reason well, therefore, O People, and understand words which I convey to you. I leave behind me two things, the QURAN and my example, the SUNNAH and if you follow these you will never go astray.
All those who listen to me shall pass on my words to others and those to others again; and may the last ones understand my words better than those who listen to me directly. Be my witness, O ALLAH, that I have conveyed your message to your people”.
(Reference: See Al-Bukhari, Hadith 1623, 1626, 6361) Sahih of Imam Muslim also refers to this sermon in Hadith number 98. Imam al-Tirmidhi has mentioned this sermon in Hadith nos. 1628, 2046, 2085. Imam Ahmed bin Hanbal has given us the longest and perhaps the most complete version of this sermon in his Masnud, Hadith no. 19774.)